What Housing Bubble?

Although all the signs very obviously point to a bubble in housing, some people continue to keep their eyes squeezed shut and their lips flapping. In his attempt to prove one of these naysayers wrong, Mike Shedlock has uncovered something very interesting…

Neil Barsky, managing partner of Alson Capital Partners, LLC, wrote an absurd opinion piece about housing in the Commentary section of the July 28 online issue of The Wall Street Journal in which he claims there is no housing bubble.

Now, plenty of people, some just plain stupid, some with axes to grind, write the same thing. Typically, these opinions are not worth replying to, quite frankly, because they are so widespread and preposterous that one would spend all his time rebutting such nonsense. But Barsky is a special case, for reasons we will address later.

In the meantime, let’s review some of the nonsense spewing forth from Mr. Barsky. Here goes:

"In a free country, it is fair game for the media and economists to scare homeowners with words of gloom and doom, however knee-jerk, consensual, and misguided they may be…

"The reality is this: There is no housing bubble in this country. Our strong housing market is a function of myriad factors with real economic underpinnings: Low interest rates, local job growth, the emotional attachment one has for one’s home, one’s view of one’s future earning power, and parental contributions, all have done their part to contribute to rising home prices. Over the past quarter century, there has been an explosion of second home purchases, a continued influx of immigrants, and a significant reduction in existing housing inventory through tear-downs.

Not all of these trends are accurately reflected in the unending stream of data published daily. Home prices on average have risen at a 6% annual pace since 1999, and 13% over the past year."

Hmmm. It seems to me that Barsky is suggesting there is no bubble because prices are rising and there is an explosion of second home purchases. This is more or less the equivalent of saying there was no bubble in stocks in 2000 because prices were rising and people were buying more of them.

Barsky writes: "What we do have is a serious housing shortage and housing affordability crisis. Despite robust construction, unsold inventory stands at four months, well below its 25-year average. Private builders complain they can’t get land permitted to meet demand. Low-income housing advocates complain housing prices are out of reach for many Americans, and that government subsidies have been slashed."

Housing Bubble: No Shortage At All

A shortage of housing? Exactly what planet is Barsky on? Here is what I see: millions of vacant homes: "National vacancy rates in the second quarter 2005 were 9.8% for rental housing and 1.8% for homeowner housing, the Department of Commerce’s Census Bureau announced today. The homeownership rate [was 68.6%] for the current quarter"…

"There were an estimated 123.7 million housing units in the United States in the second quarter 2005. Approximately 107.9 million housing units were occupied: 74.0 million by owners and 33.9 million by renters."

Given 107.9 million occupied units out of a total of 123.7 million housing units, my math suggests there are 15.8 million unoccupied units. The Census Bureau does not break those units down into houses, condos, and apartments, but it does seem preposterous to be proclaiming a shortage. Also note that close to 70% of people own their own home even though there are tens of thousands of unoccupied condominiums, with 10 years worth of supply coming on in Florida in the next two years alone. Finally, note that 70% ownership just might be the saturation rate given that many of the 30% are city dwellers that do not want to own and/or are just plain incapable of owning a house for economic or disability reasons. With all that in mind, it is well into fantasyland to suggest a shortage of houses.

Indeed, 36% of all houses sold in 2004 were for either as second homes or for "investment." Change the word "investment" to "greater fool speculation" and you have a clear picture of what is happening. People are chasing houses because they are going up. How many houses do people need, anyway? I suppose if everyone needs two or three houses, there might be a shortage of them.

Barsky writes: "What we have never seen in this country is a collapse of home prices without also seeing local economic weakness or significant capacity growth. Absent those factors, housing markets just don’t collapse under their own weight."

Obviously, Barsky is no student of history. He ignores house prices falling for 18 consecutive years in Japan, and he ignores what happened in the Great Depression. He ignores what happened in the oil bust in Texas, and he ignores what is happening currently in Australia and the United Kingdom. In short, Barsky takes a Pollyannaish view that a recovery that has produced zero private sector jobs in spite of record low interest rates can go on booming forever.

Housing Bubble: Barsky’s "Housing Myths" Aren’t Myths

Barsky writes: "Herewith are some of the myths put forth by the housing bubble Chicken Littles:

"* Myth No. 1. There is too much capacity: According to Census data, over the past 10 years, housing permits have averaged about 1.63 million units per year — including multifamily units. Household formation has averaged 1.49 million families per year. So far, so good. But here is where the data get murky. Roughly 6% of the new home sales were for second homes (I have seen estimates that the number is actually twice as high), according to UBS. And while there are no precise numbers on this, approximately 360,000 units every year were torn down either because they were nonfunctional, or because they were tear-downs. When the latter two numbers are taken into account, the real number of new homes is closer to 1.2 million, or 19% fewer than the average number of new households formed each year."

Obviously, Barsky has failed to take a look at data showing 15.8 million unoccupied units. Barsky also seems to assume that every family needs to buy a home. Some people, especially in large cities simply do not want to buy a home. Others, due to education and/or income or disabilities, will never be able to buy a home even if they do want one. In fact, it is this absurd ownership society that is pressuring people to buy homes (in conjunction with speculators driving up prices) that is playing a significant part of the bubble.

Barsky writes:

"* Myth No. 2. Risky mortgage products are fueling house appreciation: Sages from Warren Buffett to Alan Greenspan have warned of the increased risk from the use of new mortgage products, particularly adjustable-rate mortgages and interest-only mortgages. The theory here is that buyers are extending themselves to make payments, and when their mortgages reset, they will be in trouble. Put aside the fact that only a year ago Mr. Greenspan was advocating the use of ARMs (‘American consumers might benefit if lenders provided greater mortgage product alternatives to the traditional fixed-rate mortgage,’ he told the Credit Union National Association last year), these concerns are wildly overstated. As  virtually every mortgagee in the country knows, most ARMs are fixed rate for the first 2-7 years. Virtually all have 2% interest-rate caps. The average American owns his home for seven years. Why pay several hundred basis points to lock in rates he is highly unlikely to take advantage of?

Moreover, very little equity has been paid off by a homeowner in the first seven years of a 30-year loan, so consumers have been effectively overspending on interest rates for generations. As Mr. Greenspan said in his 2004 speech, ‘The traditional fixed-rate mortgage may be an expensive method of financing a home.’"

Anyone using plain common sense would realize that at 0% down-100% financing, speculation will rise. Numerous Fed officials have warned about that (and not taken it back). As for ARMs, common sense would dictate that if ARMs are used solely to buy a house that one otherwise could not afford, there is a huge interest rate risk. Indeed, those two-year arms taken out two years ago near the bottom in rates are going to be a shock to lots of people who are not prepared for it. In bubbles, common sense goes out the window.

Barsky writes:

"* Myth No. 3. Speculators are driving home prices: The media today is chock-full of stories of day-trading dot-com refugees who have found their calling buying homes and condos ‘on spec,’ with the hope of flipping the property for a higher price. Earlier this month, one Wall Street analyst published an article with the catchy headline: ‘Investors Gone Wild: An Analysis of Real Estate Speculation.’ Scary stuff. Here, again, some common-sense thinking is in order. In Manhattan, where I live, friends buy apartments kicking and screaming, convinced they top-ticked the housing market. Is Manhattan special? Are speculators flipping Palm Beach mansions? Bay Area three-bedroom homes? Newton, Mass., Tudor homes? I don’t think so. Yet these markets are experiencing the same price appreciation as Las Vegas, Phoenix, and Florida, where real estate investors are supposedly driving prices higher."

The reason we are seeing these stories is because they are happening. Entire buildings of condos are being sold in Florida that are now 80% investor owned. People are buying homes sight unseen. Apparently, Barsky thinks that just because insanity is brewing in Manhattan as well, there is no bubble.

Finally, Barsky writes: "But bubbles happen when prices become unhinged from intrinsic value. Homes are not stocks; their ‘intrinsic value’ can only be in the eye of the beholder. A house has utility. Rational people might be willing to pay more for a water view, or for living close to work, or for a larger loo. Such voluntary economic decisions are neither irrational nor exuberant."

This is one of the silliest things he has said yet. Apparently, Barsky believes it is impossible to have a housing bubble, because there is no intrinsic value to a house. I am sorry, Mr. Barsky, but the fact of the matter is houses cannot rise too far above wages or rent or people’s ability to pay for them. That is what determines whether or not there is a bubble in housing.

Let’s take a look at what some more sensible people are saying. The Orange County Register suggests, in "Region’s House of Cards Ready to Topple as Prices Reach Unsustainable Levels":

"Looking at the four big counties in Southern California, over the past decade, the percentage of households that can afford to buy the median-priced home (using conventional mortgage qualification standards) dropped by as much as 74% in Orange County (to 11%) and as "little" as 56% in San Bernardino County (to 24%)."

Hmmm. Only 11% of the people in Orange County and 24% in San Bernardino can afford a house. That’s not a bubble?

Regards,

Mike Shedlock
for The Daily Reckoning

August 09, 2005

Michael Shedlock (Mish) worked in the financial services industry for 20 years at some of the top institutions in the country including Harris Bank, the Bank of Montreal, Bank One, First National Bank of Chicago, and First Data Corp. Mish runs one of the more popular stock boards on the Motley Fool, Investment Analysis Clubs / Mishedlo and one of the more popular boards on Silicon Investor, Mish’s Global Economic Trend Analysis.

You can see more of Mish’s writing on his blog also entitled Mish’s Global Economic Trend Analysis.

He is also a contributor to Whiskey and Gunpowder, a free e-newsletter, from Dan Denning and Byron King (among others) that covers resources, oil, geopolitics, military history, geology and personal freedom.

Bill is traveling, so today’s missive will be without his usual insights – but no matter, we will power on – and turn it over to our team at The Rude Awakening….

————–

Chris Mayer, reporting from hot and sticky Gaithersburg, Maryland… "James Chanos is a famous short-seller at Kynikos Associates in New York, the firm he founded in 1985. Chanos got a lot of press for his accurate bearish call on Enron several years ago. There are few better at the business of betting on stock price declines than Chanos, who has been at this a long time.

"I recently finished reading an interview with Chanos in Value Investor Insight, and I’d like to share with you some of his best ideas."

————–

And back in Vancouver…

*** Your Baltimore-based editors spent all day yesterday incommunicado – making the nine-hour trek to Vancouver for the Agora Wealth Symposium.

Without information readily available – no access to the Internet, no time to grab the day’s paper while bolting through the airport, the recent record-breaking oil high was unknown to us until this morning…

As soon as we opened the hotel room door, The Globe and Mail’s headline popped the bubble we had been living in for a day – "Oil Crunch Worsens," blasted the headline. Well, no surprise there, we thought to ourselves.

But as we read, we realized that the situation is far worse than we had imagined when we first laid our eyes on the day’s paper.

$64 a barrel oil, while terrible, we expected – and we still expect it to go higher. What we didn’t expect were the scenarios leading up to the price hike – or rather the fact that all these events happened one on top of another. The closing of the U.S. embassy and consulates in Saudi Arabi after a security threat against the U.S. government buildings there…worries of a nuclear standoff with Iran…another fire at a refinery, this time a Philadelphia Sunoco plant…and more tropical storms in the Gulf of Mexico with the potential to damage oil facilities…

We had said all along that each of these possible scenarios could push up prices of crude – we just didn’t think they would all happen at once.

Well, when it rains, it pours…

*** Kevin Kerr sent us this note…

"’There are few things in life that can prepare you for the carnage you are about to witness…Not he super bowl, not the world series, in this building it’s either kill or be killed.’

"Dan Akyroyd said that in the movie Trading Places, a riches to rags and back to riches story in commodities trading, great film. Not far from the truth right now for energy traders.

"With oil reaching levels never seen before, we are starting to see the bears rushing to cover their positions like the last passengers on the Titanic looking for a deck chair to float on.

"The warning sign though is that we have numbers tomorrow and they better fulfill the fears of the market or we could see a brief pullback. Bottom line is, the top is not in – in fact the top is going to keep going higher. Any pullback, even a significant one is a buying opportunity, period. Options are the way to go though the futures are just too volatile.

"More problems seem to be cropping up everywhere for oil supplies, and my prediction is that another hurricane is right around the corner. Luckily, I am heading to Vancouver, B.C., where hurricanes are rare. The region is chock full of all the resources we love and I am going to be meeting with 2 major mining companies while I am there.

"Oil is likely to run toward $68 in the back months, and well over $65 should Wednesdays data be as bad as we think. A build in the products and crude could soften prices back down as much as $2-3. No matter what the trading, pain for some is growing indeed."